Panel: SCRIPTURE AND THEOLOGY 2026



468.4 - A TYPOLOGICAL READING OF MATTHEW 12,1-8

AUTHORS:
Miller V. (Charles Sturt University ~ Canberra ~ Australia)
Text:
The focus of this paper is the narrative of Matthew 12,1-8. In this narrative Jesus connects the case of his disciples plucking heads of grain to eat on the Sabbath with the story of David taking the Bread of the Presence to eat (1Sam 21,1-6). In scholarship the dominant interest in the paralleled passages is with the legal aspects of the stories. From this perspective, the focus of the interpretation concerns the use of the story of David taking and eating the Bread of the Presence as a case precedent for the story of the disciples plucking grain to eat on the Sabbath. It is my view that the stories are put in a parallel relationship as an exercise of typology (which is dependent on a legal analysis of the stories). From this perspective I argue that these stories, when used comparatively, are more concerned with revealing something about Jesus, in terms of the economy of salvation, than adjudicating whether the disciples are permitted to pluck grains to eat on the Sabbath. Importantly, these paralleled stories serve as proof of Jesus' role as the rightful King of Israel who, like David, did not commit treason, but unlike David, is the fulfillment of the Temple.