The focus of this paper is the narrative of Matthew 12,1-8. In this narrative
Jesus connects the case of his disciples plucking heads of grain to eat on the
Sabbath with the story of David taking the Bread of the Presence to eat (1Sam
21,1-6). In scholarship the dominant interest in the paralleled passages is with
the legal aspects of the stories. From this perspective, the focus of the
interpretation concerns the use of the story of David taking and eating the Bread
of the Presence as a case precedent for the story of the disciples plucking grain
to eat on the Sabbath. It is my view that the stories are put in a parallel
relationship as an exercise of typology (which is dependent on a legal analysis
of the stories). From this perspective I argue that these stories, when used
comparatively, are more concerned with revealing something about Jesus, in
terms of the economy of salvation, than adjudicating whether the disciples are
permitted to pluck grains to eat on the Sabbath. Importantly, these paralleled
stories serve as proof of Jesus' role as the rightful King of Israel who, like
David, did not commit treason, but unlike David, is the fulfillment of the
Temple.